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March quake mechanism
A Japanese scientist says the March 11th earthquake and tsunami were caused by distinctive movements of nearby tectonic plates.
Associate Professor Satoshi Ide of the University of Tokyo's Graduate School analyzed data from seismometers around the world. He studied the movements of the descending Pacific plate, or the ocean plate, and the overlying North American plate carrying eastern Japan, at the time of the quake.
Ide found the quake began with the North American plate sliding relatively slowly along its boundary with the Pacific plate, off the coast of Japan at a depth of about 20 kilometers.
The sliding movement spread in the direction of the coast for about 40 seconds, sending strong tremors across northeastern Japan.
Then, about one minute after the quake began, the displacement accelerated near the Japan Trench, causing the North American plate to slip as far as 30 meters. Ide says this resulted in lifting vast amounts of seawater, triggering the massive tsunami.
About 90 seconds after the start of the quake, the plate slid again deep beneath the seabed near the coast, triggering another wave of strong jolts.
Ide says the findings show that the movement of the North American plate was greater than the stress accumulated around its boundary with the Pacific plate. He says he will next explore whether similar events could happen in other areas.
Friday, May 20, 2011 12:15 +0900 (JST)
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