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@Edano BS.. Evacuation means great psychological disruption, we go from a SMALL increased risk, to a unidentifiable risk.

The Japanese govt would also need to deal with the panic factor if they started giving potassium iodide to people in the impacted area. In the SF area there were a number of news articles about people who could not buy it in local pharmacies. For example "Profiteering From A Panic: The $1,740 Potassium Iodide Supply" www.reportingonhealth.org

@Edano , you could, but they are not as widely available as the other instruments.

RE: Rbeaner's post below, extrapolation: The Chernobyl reactor accident resulted in massive releases of 131I and other radioiodines.
Beginning approximately 4 years after the accident, a sharp increase in the incidence of thyroid
cancer among children and adolescents in Belarus and Ukraine (areas covered by the radioactive
plume) was observed. In some regions, for the first 4 years of this striking increase, observed
cases of thyroid cancer among children aged 0 through 4 years at the time of the accident
exceeded expected number of cases by 30- to 60-fold. During the ensuing years, in the most
heavily affected areas, incidence is as much as 100-fold compared to pre-Chernobyl rates
(Robbins and Schneider 2000; Gavrilin et al., 1999; Likhtarev et al., 1993; Zvonova and Balonov
1993). The majority of cases occurred in children who apparently received less than 30 cGy to
the thyroid (Astakhova et al., 1998).....We have concluded that the best dose-response information from Chernobyl
shows a marked increase in risk of thyroid cancer in children with exposures of 5 cGy or greater
(Astakhova et. al., 1998; Ivanov et al., 1999; Kazakov et al., 1992)....It is also notable that the thyroid radiation exposures after Chernobyl were virtually all internal,
from radioiodines. 1 For the radiation emitted by 131 I (electrons and photons), the radiation-weighting factor is equal to one, so that the
absorbed dose to the thyroid gland expressed in centigrays (cGy) is numerically equal to the thyroid equivalent dose
expressed in rem (1 cGy = 1 rem). [50mSv = 50rem] www.fda.gov

So according to the FDA, the chld who received a 35mSv absorbed dose has a 60 to 100 fold increased chance of thyroid cancer? And even 5 rem (5mSv) absorbed dose can cause a marked increase in risk?!

@elainekirk , as law-abiding as Japanese citizens are, I smell that very few took them. It would be interesting to find some of those instructions the municipal govs were supposed to disseminate.