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@Edano Earlier referred to as a "seawall". A Concrete wall underground to prevent ground water from seeping into the ocean. No hurry here. Big job and lots of time. IIRC the ground water only migrates a few inches per (year?). anyway, it moves very slowly. The surface and basement level control of rad liquid is much more important right now.

Aircounter: Japan Gets Mini Radiation Detector
The nuclear crisis in Fukushima has yet to come to an end, and most of the radiation meters out there are expensive and usually sold in special-interest stores only: reason enough for Japan-based chemicals company S.T. Corp decided to bring the so-called Aircounter [JP] to market.
The device, developed in partnership with the Tokyo Metropolitan University, is essentially a handheld radiation detector that’s cheaper, looks nicer and is easier to use than most radiation detectors out there.
The device is able to detect radiation levels between 0.05 to 9.99 microsieverts per hour at a height of about 1m above the ground (the process takes about 10 minutes to complete). It’s sized at just 82×62×34mm (LCD: 40mm×25mm), weighs 105g and needs two AAA batteries to run (which are enough for about a month when used daily for one hour).
More: www.washingtonpost.com

More:
From a systems biological viewpoint, if the total amount is small, you only have to consider respective amount on each person.However, when a vast amount of radioactive materials is released, they are in particles. Dispersion of particles is non-linear, and it’s one of the most difficult calculations in the fluid dynamics.

The nuclear fuel is like sands buried in synthetic resin, but once the fuel melts down, a large amount of super-fine particles is released.

What happens then? The problem like the contaminated rice hay happens. For example, in Fujiwara-cho in Iwate prefecture rice hay with 57,000Bq/kg was found. Osaki in Miyagi Prefecture 17,000Bq/kg,

In Minami-Soma City in Fukushima Prefecture 106,000Bq/kg, and in Shirakawa City in Fukushima 97,000Bq/kg, and Iwate 64,000Bq/kg. The pattern of contamination does not follow concentric circles. It depends on the weather. It also depends on where the particles landed – on the material that absorbs water, for example.

We at the Radioisotope Center have been helping Minami Soma City in the decontamination effort. We’ve done seven decontaminations so far.

When we went to Minami Soma for the first time, there was only one geiger counter.

"As to the food inspection, there are more advanced survey meters than germanium counters, such as semiconductor imaging detectors. Why doesn’t the Japanese government spend money in utilizing them? After 3 months, the government has done no such thing, and I am shaking with anger.

Second, I have been in charge of antibody drugs at the Cabinet Office since Mr. Obuchi was the prime minister [1998-]. We put radioisotopes to antibody drugs to treat cancer. In other words, my job is to inject radioisotopes into human bodies, so my utmost concern is the internal radiation exposure and that is what I have been studying intensely.

So, I’d like to explain the mechanism of how internal radiation exposure occurs. The biggest problem of internal radiation is cancer. How does cancer happen? Because radiation cuts DNA strands. As you know, DNA is in a double helix. When it is in a double helix it is extremely stable.

However, when a cell divides, the double helix becomes single strands, doubles and becomes 4 strands. This stage is the most vulnerable.

Therefore, the fetuses and small children, with cells that rapidly divide, are most susceptible to radiation danger. Even for adults, there are cells that rapidly divide such as hair, blood cells and intestinal epitheria, and they can be damaged by radiation.

Let me give you an example of what we know about internal radiation exposure. One genetic mutation does not cause cancer. After the initial hit by radiation, it needs a different trigger for a cell to mutate into a cancer cell, which is called “driver mutation” or “passenger mutation”. For details please refer to the attached document about the cases in Chernobyl and cesium.

Alpha radiation is most famous. I was startled when I learned of a professor at Tokyo University who said it was safe to drink plutonium. Alpha radiation is the most dangerous radiation. It causes thorotrast liver damage, as we, liver specialists, know very well. Internal radiation is frequently referred to as such-and-such millisieverts, but it is utterly meaningless:.