@Bobby1 The oxide of stronitium is the lightest compound of the three (and Edano had the iodine compound right if it was I2O5 rather than IO5 - IO5...can't imagine it being stable as far as I can see, although that is the formula that matched the name provided).
by pj 4/14/2011 7:07:03 PM
@Bobby1 : strontiom oxide is the lightest. but i a m not sure if this is right to assume oxides. and overmore: "oxides of caesium are known: Cs11O3, Cs4O, Cs7O, and Cs2O". so everything is a bit more complicated. iod can exist in gas state (not oxided). but yes, if oxides are right, strontium is the lightest. better to ask a chemistry prof. #
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:07:36 PM
@pj @Edano All right, so I think strontium is traveling across the Pacific at 18,000 feet, while iodine (particles) and cesium is considerably lower. Little is in the "jet stream".
by Bobby1 4/14/2011 7:08:39 PM
Hmm...I'm mistaken - IO5 does exists, it has a CAS registry number and stability info, but it is sensitive to light and moisture in air (meaning it probably isn't real stable under normal conditions) .
by pj 4/14/2011 7:08:50 PM
Honestly, part of me wonders if some of the radioisotopes end up being package deals...like CsI and SrI2 or something. I have no idea though, and would love to see anything available on the compounds tossed out in these accidents rather than just the identity of the radioisotopes involved.
by pj 4/14/2011 7:10:26 PM
@pj Since they won't tell us, we have to figure it out for ourselves.
by Bobby1 4/14/2011 7:13:13 PM
@pj : for the athmospheric questions, this would be very useful. it could also compound to nitrides (n2) or co2. why not ?
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:13:29 PM
@you : or sulfides ........
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:16:03 PM
@Edano Sorry for barking at you yesterday. I didn't know you had trouble with the upload, you should have said something. My apologies.
by Jim Carver 4/14/2011 7:16:29 PM
@Jim Carver : :) forgotten.
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:17:39 PM
@Edano cool
by Jim Carver 4/14/2011 7:17:56 PM
@you : I2O4 I2O5 I4O9 Synonyms diiodine tetraoxide diiodine pentaoxide tetraiodine nonaoxide and there are several more oxid states.
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:19:23 PM
@Edano I don't know why not, this is out of my comfort zone. Just trying to get an idea at what altitude the contamination is, since winds move at different directions at different altitudes.
by Bobby1 4/14/2011 7:19:28 PM
Dr. Chris Busby Believes Fukushima Was A Nuclear Explosion: www.rense.com
by ColorMeRed 4/14/2011 7:20:57 PM
@Bobby1 NOAA is a good place to start.
by Jim Carver 4/14/2011 7:21:05 PM
@ColorMeRed Thanks for the link. Please continue to post, your input is as valuable as everyone else's.
by es 4/14/2011 7:22:43 PM
@Bobby1 talk to Thunder, he/she was doing some stronium research and could probably answer some questions and might be a good person to work with on the contamination projects
by Nancy 4/14/2011 7:22:56 PM
@Edano The atmospheric stuff is way out of my realm. As far as how different substances are ejected, wikipedia offers a small amount of information about Chernobyl: en.wikipedia.org
by pj 4/14/2011 7:23:25 PM
Deconstructing Nuclear Experts By Chris Busby: rense.com
by ColorMeRed 4/14/2011 7:23:42 PM
From wikipedia link below: The release of radioisotopes from the nuclear fuel was largely controlled by their boiling points, and the majority of the radioactivity present in the core was retained in the reactor.
All of the noble gases, including krypton and xenon, contained within the reactor were released immediately into the atmosphere by the first steam explosion. About 1760 PBq or 400 kg of I-131, 55% of the radioactive iodine in the reactor, was released, as a mixture of vapor, solid particles, and organic iodine compounds. Caesium (85 PBq Cs-137[74]) and tellurium were released in aerosol form. An early estimate for fuel material released to the environment was 3 ± 1.5%; this was later revised to 3.5 ± 0.5%. This corresponds to the atmospheric emission of 6 t of fragmented fuel.[73] Two sizes of particles were released: small particles of 0.3 to 1.5 micrometers (aerodynamic diameter) and large particles of 10 micrometers. The large particles contained about 80% to 90% of the released nonvolatile radioisotopes zirconium-95, niobium-95, lanthanum-140, cerium-144 and the transuranic elements, including neptunium, plutonium and the minor actinides, embedded in a uranium oxide matrix.
by pj 4/14/2011 7:23:53 PM
@pj : i think it is not possible to foresee the radioactive compounds. every situation is different. they can be heavy or light, small or large. the oxide assumption is only correct if the fuel really burns. if just exploded, there can be any size or wight.
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:27:50 PM
@bobby1, et al - it seems you guys should keep in mind what is actually being released when trying to model or estimate "plumes". I'm not a nuclear cheerleader or anything, by any means, but I think one reason the models have slowed or stopped is because the source-term for releases from Daiichi have been drastically reduced. I have to wonder (I don't know for sure) if there is even enough being released to make it across the pacific in measurable amounts.
by heisenberg 4/14/2011 7:29:12 PM
It seems the strategy at the plant is to continuously hose off any ongoing releases into the ocean, preventing, or at least severely limiting airborne dispersal. I don't see any way any current release from the plant gets very high up into the air anymore, without new explosions or fires.
by heisenberg 4/14/2011 7:29:16 PM
@Edano @pj The geographic pattern of contamination at Chernobyl indicates that most of it was due to winds considerably below jet stream level. And it is the case here, except maybe for the explosions.
by Bobby1 4/14/2011 7:29:37 PM
@heisenberg The recent Berkeley data show that it has been increasing.
by Bobby1 4/14/2011 7:30:58 PM
@Edano Agreed about the identity of the compound - personally, if someone had asked me to guess at the compounds being produced, oxides would have been pretty far down the list (and yet, they may be exactly what is being produced - I have no idea). Not sure why, but they weren't what sprung to mind for me. ~shrug~
by pj 4/14/2011 7:31:28 PM
@Bobby1 : i wonder how iodine makes it to u.s. with its half life of 8 days ...
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:31:54 PM
@Edano If iodine is moving at a lower altitude than previously assumed, it is also moving more slowly... if it is detected in significant amounts, the amount emitted from Japan must be larger than previously thought.
by Bobby1 4/14/2011 7:34:11 PM
@heisenberg May be their form of a "sink". Pretty typical in the realm of human endeavor, it can handle it. But just like the atmosphere, we're putting in more than it can handle.
by Jim Carver 4/14/2011 7:34:15 PM
@Edano Only half is gone in 8 days, then another half, and... takes at least five to ten half lives depending on material.
by Jim Carver 4/14/2011 7:37:28 PM
@ColorMeRed : i asked my self who is Dr Christopher Busby ? "Christopher Busby (born 1945) is a British scientist and activist known for his work on the health effects of ionising radiation. In addition to his academic appointments he is the director of Green Audit, an environmental consultancy agency, and scientific advisor to the Low Level Radiation Campaign which he set up in 1995.[2] Busby was also the National Speaker on Science and Technology for the Green Party of England and Wales, and the Scientific Secretary of the European Committee on Radiation Risks, an informal committee based in Brussels. ...... From 1987 onwards Busby has worked in particular on the health effects of ionising radiation, developing the 'Second Event Theory' which distinguishes between hazards from external and internal irradiation. ... On 14 March 2011 Professor Busby was asked by the BBC to give his assessment of the radiation danger following the earthquake and tsunami in Japan and the ensuing nuclear power plant incidents." en.wikipedia.org summing it up, i think he is a credible expert. there is no question about his reputation.
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:37:50 PM
@Jim Carver : how long takes a "fly" over the pacific ?
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:38:44 PM
@Jim Carver +1 on what Jim said - the typical assumption from what I know is 10 half-lives and it is "gone". At that point, concentrations are vanishingly small.
by pj 4/14/2011 7:39:03 PM
@Edano Probably about 1 half life in general.
by Jim Carver 4/14/2011 7:39:28 PM
@Edano I read the same wikipedia article and wondered why he shies away from peer-reviewed journals and instead publishes his own work. That makes me a bit suspicious.
by pj 4/14/2011 7:40:14 PM
@Bobby1 - Berkeley data shows I-131 following more or less the decay it should show with regards to a massive release around March 14-23...the data clearly shows decline. Food Chain contamination lags behind airborne contamination, and re: Cs and Sr - is of concern. But there is absolutely no evidence to show I-131, or anything else, is being released at the rates seen in March before they got the hoses running on everything. RE: I-131 halflife - 80 days from release until total decay into stable Iodine compounds. Daiichi spewed a LOT of I-131 at first, and there is still a large amount being contained at the plant, thats why we still see it now.
by heisenberg 4/14/2011 7:40:27 PM
@Jim Carver :so half of iodine is still irrading ( that the right word ? )
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:40:33 PM
@heisenberg No one is saying that it being emitted at the March 14-23 rate, but it seems to be increasing, particularly Cs-137.
by Bobby1 4/14/2011 7:42:16 PM
@Edano After 8 days, yes. So, it follows that if fission stopped on the day of the accident, there should be very little left.
by Jim Carver 4/14/2011 7:42:35 PM
@edano I concur, Busby does appear to be a credible expert. Many have questioned Gundersen as well, but I feel that he's added some excellent theories and content too.
by ColorMeRed 4/14/2011 7:43:50 PM
@ll That's an important point, did fission stop on Mar. 11 ? Really doesn't look like it to me and you don't have to be an expert to see it.
by Jim Carver 4/14/2011 7:46:19 PM
@Jim Carver It really doesn't appear to have, or where are the fission products we're still observing come from?
by pj 4/14/2011 7:48:28 PM
@James Ward, thanks for the gruesome info. It would be good to find state-side contamination from tests closer to Japan like those conducted in the Bikini Atoll.
by Peter Melzer 4/14/2011 7:48:35 PM
@Jim Carver : but if berkeley states rising iodine today, so this is 8 days back of today in japan, and it can be declining in fact. i am confused.
by Edano 4/14/2011 7:49:15 PM
@Peter Melzer The US Navy of course has that data.